While the vast majority of pipes were once made of copper, today, many other lighter and easier-to-install materials have emerged. Here’s some information to shed some light on the subject.

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Copper plumbing pipe

Copper pipes are a classic plumbing fixture. The oldest and most traditional material, copper is a staple for pipes and is commonly found in many older buildings.

 Known for its resistance over time, it can carry both cold and hot water, whatever its temperature, and can be used for heating.

 A recyclable material, copper is also appreciated for its antibacterial properties and its aesthetic appeal: some people use it as an integral part of their decor, leaving the copper pipes exposed.

 However, despite these advantages, it should be noted that this material is expensive and its installation, which is generally done by brazing (a very specific welding technique), is not within everyone’s reach.

 Requiring specific tools, its installation cannot be carried out without the help of a qualified professional.

 The PVC pipe

Frequently used for wastewater disposal, PVC pipes have replaced lead pipes, which are now banned due to toxicity. Lightweight and easy to install, PVC has the advantage of requiring no welding and being very economical to purchase. On the market, this material is available in two categories: conventional PVC and superchlorinated PVC (PVC-C). The latter, in addition to offering similar advantages to the traditional model, is more insulating and can be embedded without a protective sheath. Furthermore, it demonstrates increased resistance to chemicals and shocks.

 It should also be noted that PVC offers better sound insulation than copper when carrying water. In terms of disadvantages, be aware that PVC does not tolerate UV rays well: PVC pipes should therefore not be exposed. It is also sensitive to heat, and will tend to expand and deform when exposed to high temperatures. The material is also not ideal for the environment since it is non-biodegradable. Finally, it cannot withstand high pressures.

 PEX plumbing pipe

Made of cross-linked polyethylene, PER piping is semi-rigid and has similar characteristics to copper pipes.

 Used for both domestic water distribution and wastewater drainage or low-temperature heating, PER piping is as robust as copper piping and less expensive.

 Able to circulate both cold and hot water (not above 60° however as it risks deteriorating), this type of pipe is also resistant to corrosion and, unlike copper, this material does not scale up and benefits from excellent sound insulation.

 However, PER is sensitive when bending and requires installation by expert hands: this type of pipe requires specific tools and particular know-how.

 The multi-layer pipe

Combining the advantages of PEX and copper pipes, multilayer pipes are distinguished by their triple layer of material: one layer of aluminum and two others of PEX. As robust as the classic model, it is perfectly resistant to corrosion and not affected by UV rays. Its aluminum layer located inside the tube allows it to have a better seal and gives it very good acoustic performance. In addition, this type of pipe is resistant to high temperatures: it does not expand or deform, which makes it an excellent candidate for domestic hot water pipes.

 Despite its many advantages, the greater weight of this multilayer pipe is nevertheless noted. This shortcoming makes the plumbing work required for its installation more complex. Special tools and labor are therefore required for its installation, which is done by crimping.

Multi-layer plumbing pipe

Thanks to its great flexibility, the flexible pipe or tube is very versatile.

 Used mainly for the distribution of sanitary water (supply of a water heater, a dishwasher or a washing machine), it is easy to handle and does not require any welding.

Furthermore, it is very robust and withstands pressure well. In some cases, it can even be used as a siphon for your faucet. The only drawback: its very high purchase price.

 Copper, PVC, PER, multilayer… To get the right pipes for your pipes, don’t hesitate to ask a plumbing specialist for advice and request several quotes so you can compare prices.